Vowel Chart
Diphthongs
There are 2 types of diphthongs (pronounced DIFF thongz) PURE diphthongs and diphthongs of R.
The PURE diphthongs are:
ɛɪ̆͡ as in PAY
aɪ̆͡ as in MY
ɔɪ̆͡ as in BOY
oŭ͡ as in GO
æŭ͡ OR ɑŭ͡ as in NOW
The short half moon or smile over the second sound indicates that the second sound is SHORTER than the first sound when you are blending them. The large rounded thing above signifies that the sounds go together and therefore count as ONE sound.
The Diphthongs of R:
iɚ̆͡ as in HERE
ɛɚ̆͡ as in THERE
ʊɚ̆͡ as in POOR (but more in the British accent)
ɔɚ̆͡ as in ORE
ɑɚ̆͡ as in CAR
These have that bit of R coloring as you can see there is the small rhoticity symbol on the SCHWA.